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Digital wireless channel for communications with moving objects

The main challenges that stand in the way of creating long-range communication systems are as follows:

  • How to provide radio visibility between the aircraft and the ground control system;
  • How to compensate for severe signal attenuation along the path.
  • Direct visibility between the aircraft and the ground control system can be achieved by increasing the aircraft flight altitude and increasing the elevation of the ground antenna. High-speed information transmission over distances greater than 300 km is possible using repeater equipment, satellite communication systems, or stationary information transmission systems.

    Compensation for severe signal attenuation along the path can be accomplished via the following measures:

  • By increasing the transmitter output power;
  • By improving the gain performance of the antenna equipment.
  • Many of the problems solved by modern onboard systems of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) call for the availability of high-speed information transmission lines between the UAV and the ground control system (GCS). For example, the use of UAV technology for real-time monitoring or reconnaissance purposes involves working with raster images of different dpi that are to be received onboard from sensors operating in different wavelength ranges and delivered to the GCS. The technology that is most commonly used for information transmission today is to transmit image data continuously as it is received, in either digital or analog format whose structure does not change throughout the mission.

    Name Value
    WORKING FREQUENCY RANGE 2400–2483 MHz
    RECEIVE/TRANSMIT SPEED 10–80 Mbps
    CHANNEL WIDTH 5–40 MHz
    RANGE CAPABILITY Up to 150 km (depending on the antennas used)
    MODULATION MODE NMEA-0183, binary, proprietary
    GUARD INTERVAL LENGTH 400, 800 ns
    SPECTRAL POWER PER BAND, NO LESS THAN 2 x 2 W
    MAXIMUM TRANSMITTER POWER 2 x 5 W
    RECEIVER SENSITIVITY -96 dBm
    DIMENSIONS OF ONBOARD TRANSCEIVER MODULE 145 x 65 x 22 mm
    WEIGHT OF ONBOARD TRANSCEIVER MODULE 250 g
    WORKING TEMPERATURE RANGE -30 °С...+70 °С
    MAXIMUM POWER CONSUMPTION OF ONBOARD TRANSCEIVER MODULE 28 W
    AVERAGE POWER CONSUMPTION OF ONBOARD TRANSCEIVER MODULE * 8 W
    SUPPLY VOLTAGE 15...28 V

    Ground station:

  • Transceiver module
  • Antenna station (parabolic antenna or planar antenna array * complete with a mechanical rotary support device)
  • Control unit with specialized software for target detection and tracking

  • Onboard unit:

  • Transceiver module
  • Omnidirectional antenna *
  • * where required, the scope of delivery can be changed to include an electrically-controlled beam-scanning antenna array

    EMERGENCY RESPONSE OPERATIONS:

  • People search
  • Emergency population warning
  • Rescue operations

  • MONITORING

  • Power plants (NPPs)
  • Agriculture
  • Electrical grid systems (power lines)
  • Land resources
  • Oil and gas pipelines
  • Forest resources
  • Water resources
  • Infrastructures
  • Roads, railways
  • Mineral resource fields

  • SECURITY

  • National border security solutions
  • Protection of property and people
  • Detection of targets including people







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